Research Journal of Topical and Cosmetic Sciences

Y. Singh Shikha ¹, S. Aher Smita ¹, B. Saudagar Ravindra ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, KCT’S RGS College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Nashik-422213, Maharashtra, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KCT’S RGS College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Nashik-422213, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Skin acts as a major target as well as a principal barrier for topical/transdermal drug delivery. Despite the many advantages of this system, the major obstacle is the low diffusion rate of drugs across the stratum corneum. Several methods have been tried to increase the permeation rate of drugs temporarily. One simple and convenient approach is application of drugs in formulation with elastic vesicles or skin enhancers. Vesicular system is one of the most controversial methods for transdermal delivery of active substances in that ethosomes are the ethanolic phospholipids vesicles which are used mainly for transdermal delivery of drugs. Ethosomes are nanocarriers for transdermal drug delivery system. These are too small to be detected by immune system and moreover they can be use to deliver the drug in the target organ using lower drug doses in order to reduce side effects. Ethosomes comprises of phospho-bilipids layers along with ethanol which gives efficient permeation and penetration of the drugs. It delivers large molecules such as peptides, protein molecules. Simple method for drug delivery in comparison to Iontophoresis and Phonophoresis and other complicated methods. High patient compliance as it is administrated in semisolid form (gel or cream) and various application in Pharmaceutical, Veterinary, Cosmetic field.

Keywords

Ethosomes, Vesicles, Transdermis, Dermis, Stratum Corneum.

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N. Vij Neha ¹, R. Patil Devayani ¹, B. Saudagar Ravindra ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Quality Assurance Techniques, R.G.S. College of Pharmacy, Sapkal Knowledge Hub, Anjaneri, Nashik, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Phytoconstituents have proved to possess the potential to calm, smoothen, heal, rejuvenate and protect the skin. This has led to their increased use in cosmetics. Phytoconstituents are being extracted by microwave assisted techniques tremendously since last few years due to the advantages which they offer over conventional extraction techniques. Microwave assisted extraction (MAE)is a separation technique that combines the uses of energy of microwave radiation and traditional solvent extraction. It is not only time and solvent saving but also a boon to thermo labile constituents in plant material. Also, the dangers of hazardous organic solvents to nature, environment and operator are minimized due to lower amount of solvent required. MAE has shown to provide higher quality, purity and yield of phytoconstituents when compared to the conventional extraction techniques like Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction and Soxhlet extraction. It can be applied to solid, semi-solid and liquid matrices and the ability to alter and adjust solvent polarities renders it widely applicable. The phytoconstituents used in herbal cosmetics that have been reported to be extracted by MAE include lipids (fatty acids and oils), terpenes (essential oils, sterols, and carotenoids), polyphenols (flavonoids) etc. The aim of the study is to throw light on the potential and advantages of MAE and hence suggest its increased utilisation in the herbal cosmetics industry. A brief theory of microwave heating and the basic principles of using microwave energy for extraction have also been presented in this article.

Keywords

Phytoconstituents, Microwave Assisted Extraction, MAE., Herbal Cosmetics.

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S. Gite Shital ¹, J. Jadhav Aishwarya ¹, G. Zalte Amar ¹, B. Saudagar Ravindra ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, R. G. Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Nasik-422214, IN

Abstract

Herbal cosmetics have growing demand in worldwide market because of lesser or nil side effect. The current review is on the oils used in formulation of various herbal cosmetics such as for skin treatment and hair care treatment. For e.g. Coconut oil, sunflower oil, almond oil. Cosmetics alone are not sufficient to take care of skin and body parts, it require association of active ingredients to check the damage and ageing of the skin. Herbal cosmetics are the preparations, which represent cosmetics associated with active bio-ingredients, neutraceuticals or pharmaceuticals. There are mainly two types of oils volatile oil and essential oil. Both have wide significance in cosmetic formulation. Oils for skin treatment are used for moisturizing and soothing purpose. Oils in hair care preparations used for the prevention and treatment of baldness or other ailments, aggression of hair. They also promote the luxurious growth of hairs. Hair oil containing herbal drugs are used as hair tonic.

Keywords

Herbal Oils, Skin Care, Hair Care, Cosmetics.

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S. Bhusal Sonika ¹, S. Dhumane Poonam ², B. Saudagar Ravindra ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, R.G.S. College of Pharmacy, Sapkal Knowledge Hub, Anjaneri, Nasik, Maharashtra, IN
2 Department of Quality Assurance Techniques, R.G.S. College of Pharmacy, Sapkal Knowledge Hub, Anjaneri, Nasik, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Grapefruit or grape is one of the most diffuse fruits in the world. Its biological name is Vitis vinifera and it belongs to the family Vitaceae. It is the third most widely cultivated fruit after citrus and banana. Globally grapefruit production contributes to about 16% of the total fruit production. However, the harvest is consumed as a fresh fruit and for producing raisins, wine, juice, juice concentrate, squash, beverages, jams and marmalades mostly. The potential of grapefruit in cosmetics is forgotten. It is a rich source of vitamin A and vitamin E. The value of grapefruit in cosmetics has been reported for its skin conditioning activity. It has also been reported to enhance hair growth. Many cosmetically beneficial activities have been suggested for grape seed oil such as astringent, antiseptic, emollient, sun-protection, and moisturiser, etc. Grape is used in cosmetics in its berry, leaf and seed forms. This article aims to bring back the focus on grapefruit for its cosmetic value. It mentions the constituents present in grapefruit along with the most suitable methods of extraction. The safety aspects of grapefruit's use in cosmeceuticals have also been discussed with special reference to 22 varieties of ingredients found in the fruit.

Keywords

Grape, Vitis venifera, Skin Conditioning, Cosmetic Value, Safety Aspects.

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